NEW YORK - for babies at higher risk of diabetes in children because of family history or genes, a gluten-free diet in the first year of life not the chances of developing the disease lessGerman researchers report.
The conclusions are undermining previous studies, including the work of the same scientists, which suggests that babies exposed to gluten in their early diet may be more likely to develop type 1 diabetes later in childhood.
Although the new study included only 150 children, Dorothy Becker, Director of the program of diabetes in children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, told Reuters Health that the results are clear enough.
"This does not mean that it if you have made a huge study, it would be an effect (gluten)," said Becker, who was not involved in the study. "But it makes it unlikely."
Gluten is the protein in wheat and other cereals which makes the elastic dough and gives the bread its chewiness. About 1% of the population of the United States have a condition called celiac disease, in which the immune reactions to gluten damage the intestines.
Every year kids about 20 per 100,000 aged of less than 10 to the United States receive a diagnosis of diabetes type 1, according to the National Institutes of Health. In contrast to type 2 diabetes, which is usually a disease of adults and associated with old age or of obesity, diabetes type 1 generally child impactors.
Many of them probably inherited a genetic predisposition to the disease of their parents. Yet only genes not fully explain why people develop the condition. It is believed that other factors such as environmental exposures, are necessary for the trigger.
In the latest study, researchers followed 150 babies at least one parent or a brother had been suffering from type 1 diabetes - marked by the death of the cells of the pancreatic islets secrete insulin hormone. The body requires insulin to convert food sugars into energy.
Half of children have been exposed to gluten in their diet for the first time at the age of six months. For the rest, the exposure to the protein has been delayed until after their first birthday.
It seems that different regimes have no impact on the ability of infants to grow or to take the weight.
At the age of 3 years, three children exposed to gluten initially had developed diabetes type 1, compared to four in the exposed group signs that children had developed for immune reactions to their own cells of pancreatic islet - a possible precursor to diabetes.in particular in those with a genetic predisposition for the disorder - appeared in gluten of 11 children, given six months of age, compared to 13 who ate first of gluten when they were between the ages of 12 months.
Some research suggests that delaying exposure to gluten can increase the risk of developing celiac disease. However, the German scientists have said that they found no evidence of such a link.
Approximately 30 per cent of parents said they did not strictly follow the diet plan. Still, researchers said, the results of the study show that while delaying the introduction of gluten in the diet of the baby causes no harm, it seems reduce the risk of diabetes or immune-early indicators of insulin problems.
Researchers have not responded to requests for comments on their study, which appeared online month last in the journal Diabetes Care.
Research on other triggers of potential foods for type 1 diabetes is underway. Last November, researchers Finland reported that infants with a genetic predisposition to type 1 diabetes who were fed infant formula called Nutramigen were probably half as those forms of cow's milk conventional to show signs of Autoimmunity of islet cells later in childhood. Milk protein in Nutramigen (sold as Enfamil by Mead Johnson & Co.) are altered in a way which makes them more tolerable for the immune system.
Becker helps lead a large international trial funded by the National Institutes of Health to explore the findings of finishing. The results of this study, which includes about 2 200 babies, are expected in 2017, she said.
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